STAND STRUCTURE AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF FRAGMENTED FORESTS IN SARAWAK, MALAYSIA

Abstract

Forest disintegration is a major risk that challenges biodiversity conservation. The present study examined the stand structure, tree diversity, and tree distribution in two fragmented forests designated as areas of high conservation value within an oil palm plantation in Sarawak. The line transect sampling method was employed, where 25 quadrats in each study site were established. All Tree diameters of at least 10 cm in each quadrat were measured. The stand structure, importance value index and alpha diversity were evaluated. Morisita's dispersion index was determined to assess the relative dispersal pattern. The similarity of tree species composition of the two fragmented forests was determined using Jaccard's similarity coefficient. Generally, the stand characteristics between the two fragmented forests did not differ except for tree density. Tree diameters display a consistent reverse J-shape, demonstrating natural recovery is good in all study areas. Species distribution was uneven and the spatial dispersion of trees was random. Dipterocarpaceae is the dominant family and Shorea is the dominant genus. The fragmented forests exhibit high species diversity. The Jaccard's similarity coefficient was low, revealing that the species composition between the two forests varies. The fragmented forests appear to be undergoing self-sustaining forest recovery. Stand characteristics, floristic diversity and species distribution patterns have provided valuable insights into fragmented forests' ecological and health status. High conservation value areas in oil palm plantations are vital in conserving plant biodiversity.