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UNIMAS Open Access Repository
Managed by Perpustakaan Tun Abdul Rahman Ya'kub, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
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Recent Submissions
Does Workplace Bullying Influence Employee Performance Through Psychological Well-Being in Sarawak's Banking Sector?
(SSRN, 2026-09-29) Siong Huei Lee; Nur Constance Wah; Faculty of Economics and Business
Employee performance is a core driver for organizational success, especially in service focused sectors like banking. This study draws on Affective Events Theory (AET) to examine how workplace bullying influences employee performance in the Malaysian banking sector (based in Sarawak) with psychological well-being as the mediating variable. A quantitative approach was used by means of a structured questionnaire, which was filled in by 266 employees in the top five commercial banks (selected by means of stratified random sampling). Data analysis SPSS and SmartPLS-SEM were used for descriptive, correlation and mediation analyses. The results indicate that with the mediation of psychological well-being, workplace bullying is negatively related to employee performance. In this light, it is noted that the extent of bullying found in Sarawak banks is limited yet detrimental in terms of psychological well-being with associated employee performance. The study results underscored the pragmatic immediacy with which mental health should be addressed in an industry such as finance where performance is crucial for economic stability. This study highlights the need to tackle workplace bullying in the Malaysian banking sector as a part of the overall sustainable and decent work agenda of SDG 8. Subsequent studies should extend the model to longitudinal, cross-industry, and cyber-bullying contexts to capture changing work dynamics.
Pharmacogenomic profiling of ABCB1 and CES1 in atrial fibrillation patients on dabigatran from a multiethnic Malaysian cohort
(Springer Nature, 2026) Shirley Tan Siang Ning; Edmund Sim Ui Hang; Timothy Adrian Jinam; Melissa Lim Siaw Han; Cassandra Chee Sheau Mei; Lawrence Anchah; Saiful Shakirin Rosli; Beatrice Bangie Desmond Sateng; Jerry Gerunsin; Tiong Lee Len; Alan Fong Yean Yip; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are preferred for atrial fibrillation (AF) due to their efficacy and safety, though response variabilities raises concerns about fixed-dose regimens. This study investigates the association between ABCB1 and CES1 genetic polymorphisms with Dabigatran trough drug levels (DL), clotting time (CT), and clinical outcomes in a multiethnic Malaysian cohort. A total of 180 AF patients in Dabigatran were sequenced across the entire length of ABCB1 and CES1 genes using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Trough Dabigatran levels and clotting time were measured by LC-MS/MS and viscoelastic assay (Clotpro®), respectively. Patients were followed up for one year to assess major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The mean dabigatran level was 34.7 ± 45.4 ng/ml (CV: 130%), and clotting time was 374.6 ± 207.9 s (CV: 55.5%). Trough levels were significantly correlated with clotting time (r = 0.663, p < 0.001).). Multiple non-coding variants in ABCB1 and CES1 showed nominal associations (unadjusted p < 0.05) with drug level (35 SNPs) and/or clotting time (32 SNPs), although none remained statistically significant after false discovery rate correction. A total of 17 SNPs overlapped, and were associated with both. Overall, these findings suggest that non-coding regulatory variation may contribute to inter-individual variability in dabigatran pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, but the results are exploratory and require replication in larger cohorts. This study highlights the importance of
population-specific pharmacogenomic research for future investigations on personalized anticoagulation strategies.
Molecular mechanisms of CYP-13 function in C. elegans: insights into conserved P450 pathways
(Springer Nature, 2026) Sharoen Lim Yu Ming; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are central to metabolism and stress adaptation. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the CYP13 family performs diverse and conserved functions beyond xenobiotic detoxification. cyp-13 links lifespan regulation to the APP ortholog apl-1 and the heterochronic factor lin-14, integrating with DAF-16/FOXO, HSF-1, and DAF-12 pathways. In apoptosis, cyp-13 contributes to the degradosome complex with CPS-6/EndoG and WAH-1, facilitating DNA degradation. Several isoforms are inducible by aflatoxin B1 and PCB1254, underscoring roles in toxicant metabolism. Notably, cyp-13A12 regulates behavioral responses to reoxygenation via the EGL-9–HIF-1–PUFA–eicosanoid pathway, paralleling mammalian ischemia–reperfusion responses. Epigenetic regulation adds another layer, as BRCA1/BARD1 homologs brc-1 and brd-1 repress distinct subsets of cyp-13A genes through H2A ubiquitylation. Collectively, CYP-13
emerges as a multifunctional hub linking developmental, apoptotic, metabolic, stress, and chromatin-level processes, with clear parallels to human CYPs, highlighting its translational relevance to aging, cancer, and toxicology.
Land use and seasonal effects on water quality and faecal contamination in Batang Layar river, Sarawak, Malaysia
(Springer Nature, 2026) Sabella Justin; Samuel Lihan; Jacqleen Mik; Jongkar Grinang; Kenneth Kueh Woon Hou; Lamuel Lazlus; Thracesy Munah Assan; Mazzaellynn Brasenia Umang Thomas; Francis Senen Alau; Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation
Tropical river systems face increasing pollution from anthropogenic activities, yet integrated assessments of land use and seasonal effects on water quality remain limited. This study investigates the impact of land use and seasons on the physicochemical water quality and faecal coliform abundance in the Batang Layar River, Sarawak. Water samples were collected from five sites during the wet and dry seasons. We used a YSI ProDSS Multiparameter for in-situ measurements and performed ex-situ analyses for Faecal Coliform Count (FCC), Total Coliform Count (TCC), and Department of Environment-Water Quality Index (DOE-WQI) parameters. The WQI classified upstream sites (LS1, LS2, LS3) as Class I (Excellent) year-round, while downstream sites (LS4, LS5) shifted from Class II (Very good) in the wet season to Class I in the dry season. Despite the generally favourable WQI scores, wet season FCC concentrations (228.94 to 992.87 CFU/100 mL) exceeded DOE recreational water standards (< 400 CFU/100 mL), particularly near populated areas, due to surface runoff and sediment resuspension. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified organic pollution (48.39% variance) and sedimentation (25.75% variance) as dominant factors. Spearman correlation shows strong correlations between FCC, TCC, and organic parameters, confirming shared anthropogenic origins in both seasons. The notable discrepancy between favourable WQI scores and elevated microbial risks highlights the need to integrate bacteriological monitoring into water quality assessments. These findings emphasise the need for integrated water resource management (IWRM) strategies, including improved wastewater infrastructure and riparian buffers implementation, to mitigate seasonal contamination risks and safeguard public and ecosystem health in tropical basins.
Simbol “Mayau” dan “Ukui” dalam Sempama Jaku Iban Berdasarkan Perspektif Semantik Inkuisitif = The Symbols of “Mayau” and “Ukui” in Iban Sempama Jaku from an Inquisitive Semantic Perspective
(Penerbit UTHM, 2026-01-01) Rynna Sha’erra Mindew Douglas; Fatimah Subet; Muhammad Zaid Daud; Faculty of Education, Language and Communication
This study analyzes two Iban proverbs, "Baka mayau ngelamun tai" and "Baka ukui nyalak bukit," using the Semantic Inquisitive (SI) approach introduced by Jalaluddin (2014). This approach explores explicit and implicit meanings of the proverbs within the cultural context of the Iban community. Data were sourced from "Sempama Jaku Iban" by Umping (2010) and structured interviews with five knowledgeable Iban informants. "Baka mayau ngelamun tai" reflects attempts to conceal faults, while "Baka ukui nyalak bukit" symbolizes futile actions. Cats and dogs serve as metaphors for human behaviors in these proverbs. The cat’s act of burying feces represents efforts to hide wrongdoings, albeit unsuccessfully, while the dog’s barking at a hill illustrates wasted energy. These findings highlight the Iban community’s creativity in linking animal traits to human experiences, embedding moral and social values within their proverbs. This study emphasizes the role of proverbs in preserving the intellectual heritage of the Iban community while extending the application of SI in minority language studies. The findings strengthen the understanding of Iban cultural practices and underline the significance of language as a medium for cultural values, social norms, and philosophical insights relevant to modern society.