Enhancing Soil Irrigation and Plant Growth The Role of Inorganic Nutrients from Agro-industrial Effluents

Abstract

Agro-industrial effluents are a valuable source of essential inorganic nutrients—particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium—that can be recovered and repurposed to enhance soil fertility and plant growth. This review highlights the dual benefits of utilizing these effluents: reducing dependency on synthetic fertilizers and mitigating environmental pollution. The integration of inorganic nutrients with organic amendments improves nutrient availability, soil structure, and water retention, thereby strengthening plant resilience against environmental stresses. Innovative recovery methods such as freeze concentration, microalgae cultivation, and membrane-based technologies offer efficient pathways to reclaim these nutrients. Overall, a balanced fertilization approach combining both organic and inorganic sources presents a sustainable solution for boosting agricultural productivity while preserving soil health and promoting environmental sustainability.