Advanced Composites and Sustainable Materials for Lightweight Electric Vehicle Components

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) have changed drastically recently—lightweight materials have helped them to evolve forward. Light materials such as carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) and glass fiber composites offer great strength and low weight. This chapter examines biomaterials, eco-friendly materials, along with fire-retardant polymers in EVs and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). New materials combine the low weight of common polymers with properties from biomaterials that increase strength, reduce weight, and enhance fire resistance. the authors analyze the effects on car dynamics, energy needs, and range, all while meeting safety regulations. The research also follows the full life cycle of those materials, from sourcing and producing them to recycling, showing their role in a circular economy.