Taiji as a Health-Promoting Mind–Body Exercise: Linking Movement, Learning, and Cognitive Health

Abstract

Taiji is a traditional Chinese mind–body exercise that is increasingly recognised for its potential benefits for cognitive health. Although it originated as a martial art, Taiji is now widely practised as a low-cost and culturally acceptable intervention for promoting healthy ageing and supporting cognitive resilience. Previous clinical and neuroimaging studies have demonstrated improvements in cognitive functions, including memory, attention, and executive functions, alongside structural and functional brain changes following regular Taiji practice. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these benefits remain incompletely understood. This commentary reviews the historical background of Taiji, summarises current evidence regarding its cognitive benefits, and highlights potential neurobiological mechanisms, including sensorimotor integration through balance control, repeated activation of proprioceptive pathways, and the modulation of thalamic and cortical networks. Comparisons with conventional forms of physical activity are also discussed. Given Malaysia’s rapidly ageing population, integrating Taiji into public health promotion and preventive healthcare strategies may support healthy ageing and therefore warrants further research and policy consideration.