Exploring Cybercrime Victimisation from the Restorative Justice Paradigm

Abstract

The increasing complexity and global reach of cybercrime have exposed the inadequacies of traditional punitive justice systems. Hence, this study aimed to examine the applicability of restorative justice as an alternative approach to cybercrime. A systematic review of 127 peerreviewed articles published after 2020 reveals four central themes including: the impact of restorative justice on recidivism, challenges of implementation, its relationship to punishment, and victim-centred practices. Evidence suggests that restorative justice can foster empathy, accountability, and behavioural change, particularly when interventions are trauma-informed and culturally appropriate. Nevertheless, effective implementation requires institutional support, legal clarity, and stakeholder readiness. The study highlights future research priorities, including examining readiness among justice professionals, enhancing victim participation, and developing localised restorative justice models tailored to cybercrime. These findings contribute to ongoing discussions on justice reform in digital contexts.