Penguatkuasaan Undang-Undang ke atas Penjaja Tanpa Lesen: Satu Kajian di Kawasan Pentadbiran Dewan Bandaraya Kuching Utara
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UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK
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Unlicensed hawker activity is a phenomenon that occurs everywhere in either developed countries or even developing countries and this phenomenon is no exception in the city of Kuching. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Dewan Bandaraya Kuching Utara (DBKU) enforcement officers in eliminating the activities of unlicensed hawkers in five areas within its jurisdiction namely, Bandar Baru Samariang, Jalan Tan Sri Ikhwan Zaini, Kampung Pinang Jawa and Jalan Astana, all within the Petra Jaya area and Kampung Santubong, Kuching. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effectiveness of DBKU’s enforcement agencies in controlling the activities of unlicensed hawkers, analyzing the factors that impel them to hawk without licence, identifying the effects of unlicensed hawking activities on DBKU, environment and the communities and the appropriate steps taken by DBKU to assist the unlicenced hawkers to hawk legally in accordance with the provisions of the law. Two research methods were applied, namely quantitatively with unlicensed hawkers and local communities and qualitative ie, semi-structured interviews with DBKU’s enforcement officers. The findings confirmed that unlicensed hawking activities have affected DBKU, the environment and the communities. Although enforcement officers complied with the standards operating procedures during the enforcement actions, hawking activities continued due to several factors such as the legislative factors, influencing factors, provision of facilities to customers, economic factors and political interference factors. In terms of enforcement capabilities, DBKU enforcement officers have a high level of knowledge in enforcement, trained, teamwork, compromise and non-arrogance when vii enforcement actions were carried out. Conformity to the standards operating procedures are always adhered to in order not to cause tensions among unlicensed hawkers.