The Fabrication of Sago (Metroxylon sagu) Starch/ Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Application
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UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SARAWAK
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This study reported the fabrication of starch-based nanofibers derived from various weight ratios (w:w) of native sago starch (SS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) using the electrospinning technique. The effects of electrospinning operation parameters on the surface morphology of SS/PVA and SS/PVA/CMC nanofibers were observed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. The smooth and bead-free SS/PVA nanofibers with fibers diameters within the range of 90 nm to 150 nm were produced under the optimized conditions. The paracetamol (PCM) was encapsulated into both SS/PVA and SS/PVA/CMC nanofibers via the blending process. The SS/PVA nanofibers exhibited a maximum PCM loading capacity of 0.96 mg.mg-1 while, SS/PVA/CMC showed only 0.61 mg.mg-1 of SS/PVA/CMC. PCM was observed to release out from SS/PVA and SS/PVA/CMC nanofibers slowly and steadily for 72 hours. Finally, drug release mechanism shows the result for both SS/PVA and SS/PVA/CMC nanofibers more to First Order rather than Zero Order and belong to non-Fickian transport in within (0.43<n<0.85).